Luhn Algorithm
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The Luhn algorithm or Luhn formula, also known as the "modulus 10" or "mod 10" algorithm, named after its creator, 
IBM scientist Hans Peter Luhn, is a simple check digit formula used to validate a variety of identification numbers.
 It is described in U.S. Patent No. 2,950,048, granted on August 23, 1960.

Why to use Luhn Algorithm?
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The Luhn algorithm will detect any single-digit error, as well the malicious alteration of two digits.

Where it is used?
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Luhn Algorithm is used widely and available in public domain.

- Credit card numbers
- IMEI numbers
- National Provider Identifier numbers
- Israel ID numbers